{"id":29,"date":"2017-09-17T10:54:46","date_gmt":"2017-09-17T14:24:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/k1.see-theme.com\/?p=29"},"modified":"2024-12-31T16:30:40","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T13:00:40","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%84%db%8c%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%b5%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%b9%d8%aa%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/?p=29","title":{"rendered":"\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: right;\">.\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-702 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1-300x134.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"766\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1-1024x459.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1-768x344.jpg 768w, https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1-1536x688.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1-600x269.jpg 600w, https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/banner_1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Functions from Valves are..<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stopping and starting flow<\/li>\n<li>Reduce or increase a flow<\/li>\n<li>Controlling the direction of flow<\/li>\n<li>Regulating a flow or process pressure<\/li>\n<li>Relieve a pipe system of a certain pressure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"hcr\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/valves\/valve_img\/valve_basic_parts.gif\" alt=\"basic parts of a valve\" width=\"272\" height=\"389\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Valve Body<\/h3>\n<div class=\"alic\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"inlineBimg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/valves\/valve_img\/v_body.jpg\" alt=\"Valve body\" width=\"222\" height=\"248\" \/><br \/>\nValve Body<\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineBimg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/valves\/valve_img\/v_bonnet.jpg\" alt=\"Valve bonnet\" width=\"222\" height=\"248\" \/><br \/>\nValve Bonnet<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Valve Trim<\/h5>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"aswift_5_host\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h6 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Valve Disk and Seat(s)<\/h6>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Disc<\/strong>\u00a0The disc is the part which allows, throttles, or stops flow, depending on its position. In the case of a plug or a ball valve, the disc is called plug or a ball. The disk is the third most important primary pressure boundary. With the valve closed, full system pressure is applied across the disk, and for this reason, the disk is a pressure related component. Disks are usually forged, and in some designs, hard surfaced to provide good wear properties. Most valves are named, the design of their disks.<\/p>\n<div class=\"alic\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"inlineB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/valves\/valve_img\/valve_disk_3.gif\" alt=\"Valve Disk and Seat(s)\" width=\"125\" height=\"175\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"inlineB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/valves\/valve_img\/valve_disk_4.gif\" alt=\"Valve Disk and Seat(s)\" width=\"125\" height=\"175\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"circleNo\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p><strong>Typical sealing assembly<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/valves\/valve_img\/valve_packing.gif\" alt=\"Typical sealing assembly\" width=\"396\" height=\"377\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"inlineB\"><span class=\"circle\">1<\/span>\u00a0Gland Follover<\/p>\n<p class=\"inlineB\"><span class=\"circle\">2<\/span>\u00a0Gland<\/p>\n<p class=\"inlineB\"><span class=\"circle\">3<\/span>\u00a0Stuffing Box with Packing<\/p>\n<p class=\"inlineB\"><span class=\"circle\">4<\/span>\u00a0Back Seat<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"ft24\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Valve Yoke and Yoke Nut<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Yoke<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">A Yoke connects the valve body or bonnet with the actuating mechanism. The top of the Yoke holding a Yoke nut, stem nut, or Yoke bushing and the valve stem passes through it. A Yoke usually has openings to allow access to the stuffing box, actuator links, etc.. Structurally, a Yoke must be strong enough to withstand forces, moments, and torque developed by the actuator.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Yoke Nut<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">A Yoke nut is an internally threaded nut and is placed in the top of a Yoke by which the stem passes. In a Gate valve e.g., the Yoke nut is turned and the stem travels up or down. In the case of Globe valves, the nut is fixed and the stem is rotated through it.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ft24\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Valve Actuator<\/p>\n<p class=\"ft24\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Classification of Valves based on Motion<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"tbl_center alignleft\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"bgceee\">\n<td><strong>Valve Types<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Linear Motion<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Rotary Motion<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Quarter Turn<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Gate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Globe<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Plug<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ball<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Butterfly<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Swing Check<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Diaphragm<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Pinch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Safety<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Relief<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>YES<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<td>NO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"ft24\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Class Ratings<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Pressure-temperature ratings of valves are designated by class numbers. ASME B16.34, Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End is one of the most widely used valve standards. It defines three types of classes.. standard, special, and limited. ASME B16.34 covers Class 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500, and 4500 valves.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Different types of valves are used in process plants, so there are many standards for valves. Below are the most common..<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>ASME B16.10<\/strong>\u00a0covers Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Ferrous Valves<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wermac.org\/societies\/api_part2.html\"><strong>API STANDARDS<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API 6D<\/strong>\u00a0is used to design a valve that is used in the transportation pipeline.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API 600<\/strong>\u00a0is used for Bolted Bonnet Steel Gate Valves for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API STD 602<\/strong>\u00a0is used to design Compact Steel Gate Valves \u2013 Flanged, Threaded, Welding, and Extended-Body Ends.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API STD 594<\/strong>\u00a0covers the design, material, face-to-face dimensions, pressure-temperature ratings, examination, inspection, and test requirements for Check Valves with Flanged, Lug, Wafer, and Butt-welding type ends.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API STD 599<\/strong>\u00a0covers design for Metal Plug Valves with Flanged, Threaded, and Welding Ends, in sizes NPS\u00a01 through NPS\u00a024.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API STD 609<\/strong>\u00a0is for Butterfly Valves with Double Flanged, Lug- and Wafer-Type.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API STD 526<\/strong>\u00a0covers Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API RP 520<\/strong>\u00a0Part 1 overs Sizing and Selection, and Part\u00a02 covers Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>API STD 598<\/strong>\u00a0covers inspection, supplementary examination, and pressure test requirements for both resilient-seated and metal-to-metal seated gate, globe, plug, ball, check, and butterfly valves at the valve manufacturer\u2019s plant.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":709,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-5"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":704,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29\/revisions\/704"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petro-dayan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}